Even so, Java 3D has raised the level of abstraction and accelerates immediate mode rendering on a per-object basis. Most Java 3D applications will want to take advantage of the convenience and performance benefits that the retained and compiled-retained modes provide.ġ.2.2.1 Immediate ModeImmediate mode leaves little room for global optimization at the scene graph level. Each successive rendering mode allows Java 3D more freedom in optimizing an application's execution.
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Java 3D allows the programmer to think about geometric objects rather than about triangles-about the scene and its composition rather than about how to write the rendering code for efficiently displaying the scene.ġ.2.2 Rendering ModesJava 3D includes three different rendering modes: immediate mode, retained mode, and compiled-retained mode (see Chapter 12, "Execution and Rendering Model"). The Java 3D API improves on previous graphics APIs by eliminating many of the bookkeeping and programming chores that those APIs impose. Chapter 2, "Scene Graph Basics," provides more information on the Java 3D scene graph programming model. This includes the geometric data, the attribute information, and the viewing information needed to render the scene from a particular point of view. The scene graph contains a complete description of the entire scene, or virtual universe.
The application manipulates these objects using their predefined accessor, mutator, and node-linking methods.ġ.2.1 The Scene Graph Programming ModelJava 3D's scene graph-based programming model provides a simple and flexible mechanism for representing and rendering scenes. Applications construct individual graphics elements as separate objects and connect them together into a treelike structure called a scene graph. This allows Java 3D to accommodate a wide variety of file formats, such as vendor-specific CAD formats, interchange formats, VRML 1.0, and VRML 2.0.ġ.2 Programming ParadigmJava 3D is an object-oriented API. Provide a high-level object-oriented programming paradigm that enables developers to deploy sophisticated applications and applets rapidly.Features that could be layered on top of Java 3D were not included. Provide a rich set of features for creating interesting 3D worlds, tempered by the need to avoid nonessential or obscure features.In particular, when trade-offs were made, the alternative that benefited runtime execution was chosen. Several design decisions were made so that Java 3D implementations can deliver the highest level of performance to application users. Java 3D's sound capabilities help to provide a more immersive experience for the user.ġ.1 GoalsJava 3D was designed with several goals in mind. Java 3D introduces some concepts not commonly considered part of the graphics environment, such as 3D spatial sound. Similarly, its higher-level constructs synthesize the best ideas found in several scene graph-based systems. Java 3D's low-level graphics constructs synthesize the best ideas found in low-level APIs such as Direct3D, OpenGL, QuickDraw3D, and XGL. The Java 3D API draws its ideas from existing graphics APIs and from new technologies. It also integrates well with the Internet because applications and applets written using the Java 3D API have access to the entire set of Java classes. Java 3D is part of the JavaMedia suite of APIs, making it available on a wide range of platforms. Java 3D delivers Java's "write once, run anywhere" benefit to developers of 3D graphics applications.
Application developers can describe very large virtual worlds using these constructs, which provide Java 3D with enough information to render these worlds efficiently. It gives developers high-level constructs for creating and manipulating 3D geometry and for constructing the structures used in rendering that geometry. THE Java 3D API is an application programming interface used for writing three-dimensional graphics applications and applets.
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